Jens Hanssen is Associate Professor of Middle Eastern History at the University of Toronto. His research explores the intellectual and material entanglements between Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East since the nineteenth century. He is author of Fin de Siècle Beirut (2005), coeditor of Arabic Thought beyond the Liberal Age (2016) and Arabic Thought against the Authoritarian Age (2018). Most recently he coauthored/translated The Clarion of Suriyya: A Patriot’s Call Against the Civil War of 1860 (2019).